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Biodiverzita větrolamů a biokoridorů v krajině
Nerušil, Dominik
This bachelor thesis is focused on the assessment of the floristic composition of sixteen biocorridors located in the territory of South Moravia. Individual biocorridors are studied from the point of view of species diversity of plants. Subsequently, the share of nitrophytes and forest species from the total number of species found in the locality is solved. The results showed that the total number of species in the locality is directly proportional to the width, the total area and the location of the biocorridor in the landscape. Biocorridors located in the White Carpathian region achieved the best rating. The future use of individual outputs from this bachelor thesis is very realistic with regard to the increasing interest in the issue of biocorridors in the countryside.
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Communities of small terrestrial mammals in the surroundings of Vltava river
ŠPILAUER, Tomáš
The bachelor thesis is dealing with the influence of watercourse on the biodiversity of small terrestrial mammals in landscape near river Vltava in South Bohemia. The theoretical part consists of literally review about diversity, ecotones, biocorridors, watercourses and about ecology of small terrestrial mammals. The aim of the practical part is to compare biodiversity, abundance of small mammals and compare impact of watercourses on small mammals. During 2021 vegetation sesion the CMR method with ear tags was used. During three-days long captures were laid 25 traps in 5 metres distances in each of the three studied biotope lines (Forest, Meadow, Shore). In total 136 individuals of small mammals were captured. The species, sex, weight, foot lenght and age of captured mammals were determined. Two species of small terrestrial mammals were captured (Myodes glareolus, Apodemus sylvaticus). In total of all 136 individuals were captured: 51 individuals of Myodes glareolus and 75 individuals of Apodemus sylvaticus. Significant difference in quantity was in the line Forest where were captured 23 Myodes glareolus and 45 Apodemus sylvaticus. In the line Forest were captured 68 individuals in total and the same number was captured in the line Shore (also 68 individuals). In the Meadow line no individual was captured.
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Biocentres and biocorridors in agricultural landscape - importance for communities of epigeic beetles (\kur{Coleoptera})
KREJČA, Mikoláš
At four different locations in southern Bohemia in Písek region there were monitored communities of epigeic beetles. Locations occurred in the agricultural landscape, which is influenced by human activities. One of the sites was spruces monoculture about 60 years old, other locations were meadow, waterlogged meadow and wheat field. Locations had biocentres and agrocenosis function. Pitfall traps method was used to obtain samples of epigeic beetles. In total, 2268 samples of epigeic beetles were obtained (12 families and 56 species). The largest number of beetles was found at locations wheat field, waterlogged meadow and forest, and in a number of 656 individuals in waterlogged meadow 634 individuals in the field and 583 individuals in the woods. The smallest number of 395 individuals was found in the meadow. Sorting of beetles was done according to the sensitivity to anthropogenic impacts (relict species R1, adaptive species R2 and eurytopic species E). On the surveyed locations only adaptive (R2) and eurytopic (E) species were discovered. Relict species (R1) were not present. Adaptable (R2) species were found 20 in the surveyed areas and eurytopic (E) 36 species. Anthropogenic influence index of epigeic beetles communities came in low figures. Low value tells us that beetle communities are strongly influenced by human activities. The most influenced locations were wheat field (1,11) and meadows (1,27) and the least affected area was the forest (20,42). Waterlogged meadows was also strongly influenced in a anthropogenic way, but it was better than a meadow and wheat field (2,29).
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Biocentres and biocorridors in agricultural landscape - importance for communities of epigeic beetles (\kur{Coleoptera})
STLUKA, Pavel
Communities of epigeic beetles were monitored on five localities, which were found in South Bohemia in Písecku. There were places located in agriculture landscape, which is affected by human activities. Selected localities were composed of biocenters and biocorridors. There were forest localities (spruce monoculture, age 60-70 years), edge of the forest, corn field and two groves with different sizes. The method of pitfall trapping was used for sampling. There were found 2409 specimens of epigeic beetles (15 families and 70 species). The highest number of epigeic beetles was found on both groves. There were found 864 individuals in smaller grove and 684 individuals of beetles in larger grove. Activity of beetles in the other localities was lesser. There were found 403 individuals on field, 333 individuals in the edge of forest and least number of beetles (125 individuals) was found in forest. Species´ spectrum of epigeic beetles was divided into three groups according by the sensitivity to antropogenic impacts (relict, adaptable and eurytop species). There were found only two last groups according by the sensitivity to antropogenic impacts of three (relict undetected). There were 51 eurytop species (E) and 19 adaptable species (R2). Counted index of antropogenic influence on communities of epigeic beetles proceeds in low values (communities are relatively strongly influenced by human). Forest habitat was affected least and corn field habitat was affected most. Groves are very strongly influenced by human too, but its values are better than values on field. Groves thus have a positive impact on communities of epigeic beetles and it can be compared with the edge of forest.
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